Soils represent complex and diverse microbial habitats and serve as important environmental reservoirs for antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Environmental disturbances such as flooding can both influence microbial community structure and the potential for horizontal gene transfer (HGT), thereby affecting the distribution and mobility of ARGs. This study investigated the presence and plasmid-mediated dissemination of antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils under both flooded and non-flooded conditions across agricultural sites in Ireland. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) revealed a diverse array of clinically relevant ARGs, including genes conferring resistance to fluoroquinolones (qepA), aminoglycosides (aadA7), β-lactams (blaSFO), vancomycin (vanA), macrolides (erm(31)), and carbapenems (cphA1). Mobile genetic elements such as Tn5403 and tnpA were also detected, indicating the potential for gene mobility. Exogenous plasmid capture experiments confirmed the transferability of resistance plasmids via conjugation, with ampicillin- and tetracycline-resistant transconjugants recovered from both flooded and non-flooded soils. Plasmids were subsequently extracted and sequenced using Oxford Nanopore Technology, giving a deeper insight into the plasmid diversity and potential mobility of ARGs within and between the soil conditions. Results indicate site-specific variation in resistance gene abundance and plasmid activity, underlining the influence of environmental conditions on ARG prevalence and dissemination.  This work highlights agricultural soils as dynamic reservoirs of mobile resistance and the importance of environmental AMR surveillance, particularly in the context of climate-driven events such as flooding.